What is Counselling?
- Counselling is a personal or individual process.
- Counselling is a series of direct contact with the individual which aims to offer him assistance in changing his attitude and behaviour.
- It is always personal it cannot be performed with a group.
- Guidance is a major term in which counselling is included.
why we need counselling?
We may need counselling for the any of the following problems facing in our lives
- Anxiety Counselling
- Counselling for Depression
- Body Image Counselling
- Eating Disorders Counselling
- Family Counselling
- Parenting Counselling
- Life Transitions Counselling
CHARACTERISTICS OF COUNSELLING
- Counselling deals with the problem of abnormal behaviour and emotional problem.
- Counselling is given by trained person known as counsellor.
- Counselling implies a personal relationship between two individuals.
- Counselling is structured.
- Counselling is permissive.
- Counselling is dynamic.
- The interview is the basic technique for counselling process .
- Group counselling is anomaly.
AIMS OF COUNSELLING
- Counselling is aimed at the progressive development of the individual to solve problem.
- Counselling releases the feeling of inferiority and compulsion.
- The purpose of counselling is to make counselee cheerful to gain confidence for social responsibility
TYPES OF COUNSELLING
There are mainly 3 types of counselling – Directive , Non-directive and Eclectic Counselling. which we will discuss here in detail-
DIRECTIVE COUNSELLING
- It is also known as perspective, informative or counsellor centred counselling.
- E.G. Williamson favours directive counselling.
Characteristics Of Directive Counselling
- Councillor plays a major role in this process
- Counsellor gives advice to the student
- Counsellor leads to the situation
- Counsellor talks most of the time
- The problem and not the individual is the focus
- The function of student is to co-operate with counsellor in the whole process
- He works under counsellor not with him
- Counsellor is authoritative person who gives judgement
- Directive counselling gives more importance to intellectual rather than to emotional aspect of individuals personality
6 Steps Of Directive Counselling By Williamson
- Analysis Of The Problem
- Synthesis Of The Problem
- Diagnosis Of The Problem
- Prognosis Or Predicting Future Development Of The Students Problem
- Counselling And Treatment
- Follow Up And Evaluation
Non Directive Counselling
- It is also known as permissive counselling, client oriented counselling or counselee oriented counselling.
- Carl Roger is the leading supporter of this type of counselling.
Characteristics Of Non Directive Counselling
- Non directive counselling is opposite to the directive counselling.
- In this counselee / student plays a major role.
- Counsellor seats silently while counselee speaks freely about the problem.
- Counsellor passes occasional remarks.
- Counsellor asks few questions.
- Counsellor helps the pupil to think out the solution of the problem himself and this is the real purpose of counselling.
Steps Followed In Non Directive Counselling Suggested By Rogers
- The individual come for the help.
- The helping situation is usually defined.
- The counsellor encourages the individual for free expression of his feelings.
- The counsellor recognises and classify the negative and positive feelings of the client.
- This counselling develops the insight in the client and the counsellor continues to reflect and clarify this new feeling and make understanding of the problem.
- This develops a feeling of increased independence.
- After watching the sign counsellor or client may suggest termination.
Eclectic counselling
- Eclectic counselling is the combination and synthesis of the directive and non directive counselling.
- Counsellor and the counselee both are active and cooperative
- Both talk turn-by-turn and problem is solved jointly
- It is the best type of counselling.
- FC Thorne favours the eclectic approach of counselling.